Functions

Lesson 5

Math

Unit 4

8th Grade

Lesson 5 of 12

Objective


Read inputs and outputs in graphs of functions. Determine if graphs are functions.

Common Core Standards


Core Standards

  • 8.F.A.1 — Understand that a function is a rule that assigns to each input exactly one output. The graph of a function is the set of ordered pairs consisting of an input and the corresponding output. Function notation is not required in Grade 8.

Foundational Standards

  • 7.RP.A.2.D

Criteria for Success


  1. Identify outputs in a graph given input values.
  2. Identify inputs in a graph given output values. 
  3. Determine if a graph is a function (i.e., if every input value has exactly one output value).
  4. Interpret inputs and outputs of graphs in context (MP.2).
  5. Create a table of values for a graph.

Tips for Teachers


Lessons 5 and 6 introduce the graphical representation of functions. In Lesson 5, students analyze graphs to identify inputs and outputs and then determine if one variable is a function of the other. In Lesson 6, students will investigate properties of functions as seen in graphs, including rate of change and initial value. 

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Anchor Problems


Problem 1

Which graph doesn’t belong? Why?

Guiding Questions

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References

Open Up Resources Grade 8 Unit 5 Lesson 55.1

Grade 8 Unit 5 Lesson 5 is made available by Open Up Resources under the CC BY 4.0 license. Copyright © 2017 Open Up Resources. Download for free at openupresources.org. Accessed Oct. 26, 2017, 8:58 p.m..

Problem 2

A Fitbit is a device that can track your heart rate in beats per minute. The graph below shows Ernest’s heart rate for part of the day, with the number of beats per minute on the $$y$$-axis and the time of day on the $$x$$-axis. Use the graph to answer the questions that follow. 

a.   Estimate Ernest’s heart rate at 3 AM and at 9 AM. Explain how you find your answers.

b.   At what time(s) in the day was Ernest’s heart rate around 75 beats per minute? Explain how you found your answer(s). 

c.   What time do you think Ernest woke up this morning?

d.   Based on the graph, does heart rate seem to be a function of time of day? Why or why not?

e.   Based on this graph, does time of day seem to be a function of heart rate? Why or why not?

Guiding Questions

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References

Fitbit Community Photo: Detailed heart rate graph by FerdinandFitbit (Fitbit Community)

Detailed heart rate graph by FerdinandFitbit (Fitbit Community) by FerdinandFitbit is made available by Fitbit Community. © Fitbit Inc. All rights reserved. Accessed Oct. 26, 2017, 9:04 p.m..

Problem 3

For each graph, create a table of values that includes some of the inputs and outputs. Then use the graph and the table to determine if the relationship is a function.

a.   Graph A

b.   Graph B

Guiding Questions

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References

Open Up Resources Photo: Grade 8 Unit 5 Lesson 5Graph A from Question 5.2

Grade 8 Unit 5 Lesson 5 is made available by Open Up Resources under the CC BY 4.0 license. Copyright © 2017 Open Up Resources. Download for free at openupresources.org. Accessed Oct. 26, 2017, 9:09 p.m..

Problem Set

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Target Task


The graph below shows the average amount of sunlight per day at the Arctic Circle in the Northern Hemisphere.

a.   What is the average number of hours of sunlight in October?

b.   Which months average less than 6 hours of sunlight per day?

c.   Is hours of sunlight a function of month? Explain why or why not.

d.   Is month a function of hours of daylight? Explain why or why not.

Student Response

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Additional Practice


The following resources include problems and activities aligned to the objective of the lesson that can be used for additional practice or to create your own problem set.

  • Include spiraled review from first four lessons, asking students to determine if relationships are functions (shown as tables, graphs, verbal descriptions, equations) and to explain why or why not. 
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Lesson 4

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Lesson 6

Lesson Map

A7CB09C2-D12F-4F55-80DB-37298FF0A765

Topic A: Defining Functions

Topic B: Representing and Interpreting Functions

Topic C: Comparing Functions

Topic D: Describing and Drawing Graphs of Functions

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