Multiplication and Division, Part 1

Lesson 3

Math

Unit 2

3rd Grade

Lesson 3 of 21

Objective


Identify and create situations involving unknown group size and find group size in situations.

Common Core Standards


Core Standards

  • 3.OA.A.1 — Interpret products of whole numbers, e.g., interpret 5 × 7 as the total number of objects in 5 groups of 7 objects each. For example, describe a context in which a total number of objects can be expressed as 5 × 7.
  • 3.OA.A.2 — Interpret whole-number quotients of whole numbers, e.g., interpret 56 ÷ 8 as the number of objects in each share when 56 objects are partitioned equally into 8 shares, or as a number of shares when 56 objects are partitioned into equal shares of 8 objects each. For example, describe a context in which a number of shares or a number of groups can be expressed as 56 ÷ 8.
  • 3.OA.A.3 — Use multiplication and division within 100 to solve word problems in situations involving equal groups, arrays, and measurement quantities, e.g., by using drawings and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem.

Criteria for Success


  1. Represent the number of groups and size of groups in a picture.
  2. Divide a number of objects into a given number of groups in order to find the size of each group. 
  3. Write a multiplication equation to represent a given situation or picture where the unknown is the size of each group, including the number of objects in each row of an array (MP.2). 
  4. Draw a picture to represent a given multiplication equation where the missing factor is the size of each group, including the number of objects in each row of an array (MP.2). 

Tips for Teachers


Lesson Materials

  • Counters (18 per student or small group) — Students could use a common classroom material, such as paperclips, instead.
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Anchor Tasks


Problem 1

Split 18 counters equally into two groups. 

a.   Write a multiplication equation to represent this situation.

b.   How many counters do you have in each group?

Guiding Questions

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Problem 2

a.   The pet store owner has 30 dog treats and feeds the same amount of treats to each of the dogs below.

i. Write a multiplication equation to represent this problem. 

ii. How many treats does he feed to each dog? 

b.   Mr. Peddie is arranging 20 chairs into 4 rows in the gymnasium for the spring performance.

i. Write a multiplication equation to represent this problem.

ii. How many chairs does he put in each row?

Guiding Questions

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Problem 3

a.   Draw a picture or write a story to represent the following multiplication situation. 

$$5\ \times $$ ____ $$=10$$

b.   Find the number that makes the equation true. Rewrite the equation with the solution.

Guiding Questions

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Problem Set


Answer Keys

Unlock the answer keys for this lesson's problem set and extra practice problems to save time and support student learning.

Discussion of Problem Set

  • What was similar about #8 and #9? What was different? 
  • Why was the unknown factor always the second one in our multiplication equations today? 
  • How did your visual models in #11 and #12 help you to determine the unknown factor? Did anyone use a different strategy to solve?

Target Task


Problem 1

Malik has 15 candies. He splits them into 3 equal groups to make goodie bags. Draw the number of candies in each group.

Problem 2

Which expression can be used to find the number of candies in each group in Problem 1?

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Problem 3

Draw a picture to show 4 × ______ = 8. Then, fill in the blank to make a true multiplication equation.

Student Response

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Additional Practice


The Extra Practice Problems can be used as additional practice for homework, during an intervention block, etc. Daily Word Problems and Fluency Activities are aligned to the content of the unit but not necessarily to the lesson objective, therefore feel free to use them anytime during your school day.

Extra Practice Problems

Answer Keys

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Word Problems and Fluency Activities

Word Problems and Fluency Activities

Help students strengthen their application and fluency skills with daily word problem practice and content-aligned fluency activities.

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Lesson 2

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Lesson 4

Lesson Map

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Topic A: The Meaning of Multiplication and Division

Topic B: Multiplication and Division by 2, 5, and 10

Topic C: Multiplication and Division by 3 and 4

Topic D: More Complex Multiplication and Division Problems

Topic E: Scaled Picture and Bar Graphs

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