Famous Speeches

Lesson 2
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ELA

Unit 4

12th Grade

Lesson 2 of 16

Objective


Identify the rhetorical situation and explain its significance.

Identify the appeals present within a text and the devices/strategies used to generate that appeal.

Readings and Materials


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Target Task


Writing Prompt

Draft an introduction that provides the rhetorical situation for Empress Theodora’s speech.

Draft a brief outline identifying least three rhetorical devices/strategies used by Empress Theodora to achieve her purpose.

Why do authors use compare/contrast to develop their ideas? Use a specific example from Sweat and Theodora to support your answer.

Key Questions


Rhetorical Situation:

  • Who is the speaker?
  • What’s the occasion? When/where?
  • Who is the audience? Stated vs. implied. Values?
  • What is the subject?
  • What is the purpose?

Speech:

  • Who is Theodora? Who is the audience? What is the occasion?
  • What strategies do you see her apply in the opening paragraph? (Take into consideration how she would open a discussion with this speaker, occasion, and audience.)
  • How does Theodora convince the council?
  • What is Theodora’s purpose?
  • What appeals does she use?
  • What devices does she use to achieve those appeals?

Notes


Background Information

  • Theodora was Empress of the Byzantine Empire. She gave this speech in 532 AD after riots broke out and enemies of Emperor Justinian named a new emperor. Justinian and the council were preparing to flee the country. 
  • Below is a list of the rhetorical devices and appeals employed by the Empress.
    • Tone: Ethos
      • Topic = Serious, extreme danger
      • Audience = conventions, woman shouldn’t speak
      • Speaker
    • Diction: Ethos
      • Call me empress, purple robe, royal purple is the noblest shroud
    • Organization: Logic
      • Reasoning: Everyone is going to die, but rulers can never flee
      • Compare/Contrast
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